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Schaffhausen (Swiss Standard German: [ʃafˈhaʊzn̩] ; Alemannic German: Schafuuse), historically known in English as Shaffhouse, is a town with historic roots, a municipality in northern Switzerland, and the capital of the canton of the same name; it has an estimated population of 37,000 as of December 2018. It is located on the shore of the High Rhine; it is one of four Swiss towns located entirely on the northern side of the Rhine, along with Neuhausen am Rheinfall, the historic Neunkirch, and medieval Stein am Rhein. The largely pedestrianised old town has two preserved medieval gate towers and many fine Renaissance era buildings decorated with exterior frescos, sculptures and a total of 171 oriel windows (more than any other Swiss town). The old canton fortress, the Munot, overlooks the old town. Schaffhausen railway station is a junction of Swiss and German railway lines. One of the lines connects the town with the nearby Rhine Falls in Neuhausen am Rheinfall, Europe's largest waterfall and a popular tourist attraction.